How to Avoid PFAS in Winter Gear for Kids

You might already know that toxic chemicals called PFAS are lurking in most non-stick cookware. But were you aware that they're also lurking in everyday kid's gear like waterproof shoes and jackets? Let’s start with what PFAS are and why they are so damaging to human health. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) play a key role in waterproofing materials due to their unique chemical properties. These synthetic compounds are highly resistant to water, oil, and stains, making them effective at creating durable waterproof barriers in various products, like rain jackets and backpacks. However, these synthetic chemicals are wreaking havoc on human and environmental health and are incredibly difficult to remediate from our bodies, water and soil. PFAS are persistent, bioaccumulative, and linked to adverse health effects such as cancer, hormonal disruption, developmental issues in children, reproductive issues and, unfortunately, so much more.

So, what exactly does bioaccumulation mean? It refers to the ability of PFAS to build up and persist in living organisms (us) and the food chain, where small organisms absorb PFAS from water or soil. PFAS are absorbed faster than they can be metabolized or excreted, hence the nickname “forever chemicals.” Because they don’t break down easily in the environment or body, it’s super important to avoid them in the first place. But how can we do that when labeling isn’t required?

In the United States, companies are not yet universally required to label children’s products coated with PFAS, but regulations are emerging at the state level to increase transparency and restrict their use. Starting January of 2025, California and New York, for example, will prohibit the manufacture, distribution, or sale of new textile articles containing intentionally added PFAS or total organic fluorine exceeding 100 parts per million (ppm). These new regulations differ in each state and provide ways for the performance sports and outdoor upholstery industries to phase out the use of PFAS over time until 2028. In the meantime, like me, many parents want to avoid PFAS coated products for their kids.

Here are 10 tips for avoiding the dreaded “forever chemicals” in your child’s textile gear.

1. Prioritize Product Labels and Certifications (Look for products explicitly labeled PFAS-free or PFC-free (perfluorinated compounds).

• Certifications to look for:
• OEKO-TEX Standard 100: Ensures textiles are free from harmful substances.
• Bluesign®: Focuses on sustainable and non-toxic production.
• Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS): Indicates organic and non-toxic materials.

2. Focus on Alternative Waterproofing Materials

• Seek items made with polyurethane (PU) coatings or silicone-based waterproofing instead of PFAS.
• Look for waxed cotton or recycled polyester treated with eco-friendly water repellents.

3. Shop from PFAS-Free Brands

• Research brands known for their commitment to sustainability and non-toxic materials. Brands like Patagonia, Columbia Eco, and REI Co-op offer PFAS-free options in kids' gear.
• Many outdoor brands now provide detailed product descriptions about their chemical-free waterproofing technologies.

4. Check for Product Durability

• Durable gear reduces waste and often avoids the need for additional chemical treatments.
• Opt for reinforced seams, heavy-duty zippers, and high-quality materials that naturally repel water and snow.

5. Evaluate Backpacks

• Look for natural materials like canvas with water-resistant coatings.
• Avoid backpacks with shiny finishes, as these are often treated with PFAS.

6. Prioritize Comfort and Safety

• Ensure gear is breathable and lightweight to keep kids comfortable during active play.
• For winter gear, select insulation materials like wool or synthetic down instead of PFAS-treated fabrics.

7. DIY Waterproofing

• Use PFAS-free spray treatments on non-waterproofed gear for extra protection.
• Options like beeswax-based treatments or natural water-repellent sprays can be applied to fabrics safely.

8. Test for True Waterproofing

• Check product reviews or test gear by sprinkling water on the surface to ensure it repels moisture effectively.

9. Use Local Resources

• Shop at second-hand or local sustainable stores that specialize in eco-friendly gear.
• Borrow or trade gear with other parents in your community to minimize costs and environmental impact.

10. Ask Questions

• Don’t hesitate to contact brands directly for more information about their manufacturing practices and materials. Some manufacturers are already phasing out PFAS use and can look up the chemical coatings on specific SKUs. 

By being vigilant and informed, parents can find gear that not only keeps their kids dry and warm but also aligns with eco-friendly and health-conscious values.